Jag guard-machine



\UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

AVERY BABBETT, OF AUBURN, NEW YORK.

JAC QUARD-lVl-ACHINE.

Specicaton of Letters Patent No. 25,796, dated October 18, 1859.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, AVERY BABBETT, of the city of Auburn, Cayuga county, and Stateof New York, have invented a new and improved mode of constructing the J acquard-machine and also of making and werkingv the harness thereof, whereby I am enabled to twill the surface of each or all of the plies in two or three ply goods woven thereon; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

The nature of my invention consists, first, in arranging two or more trapboards in one frame and working them together, that is torsay, they are all made to ascend at the same time and to descend at the same time and in order to' accomplish this I give to each trapboard a horizontal motion in combination with a vertical motion tov the suspension board or boards as the case may be;

second, i-n combining with the Jacquard machine, two sha'fts and pin wheels and cams for the purpose of working the journals or parts of journals as the case may be, in any required order; third, in dividing the journals in Jacquard looms when used for weav-v ing twof or more plies, into two or more parts, andworking the same in any required order for the purpose of producing a twill of any desirable form on the surface of the goods.

Te enable others skilled in the' alrt of weaving, to make and use my invention I will proceed to describe its construction and mode of operation, which is as follows.

Figure 1 is a side elevation. Fig. 2 is an end elevation. of the machine. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section taken through Fig.l 1, at P. Fig.l 5 is an isometrical elevation ofthe slides E, and K, and their connection with the trap and suspension board frames and to each other.

The same characters refer to the same parts in all the figures.

In Figs. 1 and 2, the two rods A, support the machine in its place.

B, is the frame of the Jacquard machine, see Figs. 1, 2, 3, l, giving supportl to the several parts.

C, C, are the two rods that give motion to all the parts of the jacquard, and cone neet with the two levers D, D, at the top,

Fig.- 3 is a plan of the top see Figs. l, 2, 3. The levers D, D, have their bearings at H, see Figs. 1-3, and conneet with the slides E, E, by means of the short connections F, F, see Figs. 1, 2, 3. The two slides E, E, are connected together, by the suspension board frame G, see Figs. 1, 2, 3, 5, and box on to the slides K, K, at the points I, J, bottom and top, see Figs. 1, 5. On the lower end cf the slides E, E, are flanges L, L, on each side, see Figs. 1, 5, and on to these flanges are bolted the two plates M, M. These two plates support and carry the eight journal hooks O, O, O, O, O, O, O, O, see Figs. 1, 2.

J ointed to each of the journal hooks O, O, &c., and extending down through the mortises at N, in the plates M, M, are eight drops 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, see Figs. 1, 2, 5. From the lower end of each of the drops 1, 1, 1, Sac., are suspended eight wires 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, (see Figs. 1, 2) and connecting with (in this case) the eight parts of journals 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, see Figs. 1, 2. At the ends of the parts of journals 3, 3, 3, &c., are ournal guides P, P', bolted to' the frame at Q, Q, see Fig. 1.

To each of th slides K, K, are attached plates R, R, see Fig. 5.v From the top of each of these plates are projected three stands S, T, U. stands T, T, there are openings V, V. Into these .openings are jointed the lower ends of the connections lV, 7, and the other end is jointed to the levers D, D, at X, X, see Fig. 1. Between the stands S, T, are placed four hooks Y, Y, Y, Y, on each side of the machine, and between the stands T, U, areV also placed the same number on each side,- making eight in all?, on such side of the machine. It is worthy of remark here that the number of these hooks Y, Y, Y, Y, &c'., as well as the journal hooks O, O, O, O, &c., vary as the number of journals or parts of journals, vary.

The sides of two of the hooks Y, Y,*Y, Y, &c., are shown partly in dotted lines behind the two pin wheels Z, Z, in Figi. 1, the upper portion of each hook exten ing inward toward the center of the machine and underneath the inner ends are placed spiral springs A, A, for the purpose of disenn gaging the vertical portion of the hooks Y, Y, Y, Y, &c., from the journal hooks O, O, O, O, &c., whenever the lugs shown in dotted lines around the shafts B, B, are

At the outer end of Il i turned off from the lugs C', C', on the inside of the vertical portion ofA the hooks Y, Y, Y, dac., in Fig. l. The shafts B', B', are placed in the bearings D', D', Fig. 5, under the stands S, T, U, and behind the vertical port-ion of the hooks Y, Y, Y, &c., Fig. l. The lugs represented in dotted lines around the shafts B', B', are distributed along its length, one or more opposite the vertical portion of each of the hooks Y, Y, Y, Y, Snc., in such order as the working of the journals, 3, 3, 3, 3, &c., may require.

On the slides K, K, are two boxes M', M',

' and connected therewith are portions of the cross rails M', P', of the Jacquard frame B, and shows the manner of connecting the slides K, K, to the frame work of the jaeF quard.

The cross piece Q', see Figs. 1, and 5, under and supporting the trapboard frame G', and terminating in two semicircular pieces at each end, and forming a part thereof, connect the two slides K, K, and is bolted to each in two places, one of which is shown at R', Fig. 5,

The cin wheels Z, Z, are keyed fast to the shafts B', B', and these shafts are connected to the slides K, K, in the manner above described. These slides when the machine is in operation have a vertical motion given to them through their connection with the levers D, D, by means of the rods W, WV, see Fig. l. From the face of the pin-wheels Z, Z, are projected eight pins from each, the same in number as the lugs represented in dotted lines around each of the shafts B', B', see Figs. l, 3. As the pin wheels descend one of the pins in each wheel, comes in contact with the upper end of the two dogs E', E', and this causes the pin wheels Z, Z, to turn as well as the shafts B', B', the distance from one pin to the other, and by this means the lugs shown in dotted lines around the shaft B', B', are thrown o the lugs C', C', on the Vertical portion of the hooks Y, Y, Y, &c., and the hooks Y, Y, Y, &c., and the journal hooks O, O, O, &c., are caused to engage and disengage as often as the hooks Y Y, Y, &c., come in contact with the lugs on the shafts B', B. On the opposite side of the pin wheels B', B', from that on which is placed the pins, are eight notches one of which is shown at F', see Figs. 1, 2, 4.

On the rack side of the trapboard frame G', Figs. l, 4L, 5, are pieces H', H', forming part of the frame, and coming toward and terminating against the back side of the pin wheel Z, Z. The trapboard frame is operated against the pin wheels Z, Z, on the back side, by means of two spiral springs I', I', and hence by the combined action of the pin wheel on the one side, and the spiral springs on the other, and when the machine is in motion, the trapboard frame has a horizontal motion across the frame of the machine a distance equal to the depth of the notches F', F', on the back side of the pin wheel Z Z.

For the purpose of showing the object of the horizontal motion above described I have sketched into the trapboard frame a portion of a trapboard on each side at the letters L', and K'. In Fig. 4, the small circles J', represent horizontal sections of the knotted cords commonly used in jacquards at the present time. The pin wheels Z, Z, are on the front side of the machine, and it will be noticed, that (as represented in the drawing) the trapboard frame is driven toward the back side of the machine, and by this means the knotted cords J', &c., are in the slots in the front trapboard K', and if the trapboard be lifted these cords will be drawn up, while those in the opposite side in the trapboard L', will pass the board or in other words will not be drawn up. On the next turn of the pin wheels Z, Z, by the means above described, the pieces I-I', H', will by the action of the spiral springs be driven into the notches F' F', in the back side of the pin wheels, and the knotted cords J', &c., in the trapboard K', will be disengaged and those on the back trapboard L', will be engaged, and so on.

It will be noticed from the above description that whenever a reciprocating vertical motion is iven to the two rods e, c, see Figs. l 2, the wFole machine is put in operation.

It is a well known fact that in all two ply jacquard gured weaving, two journals only are used to one ply. Consequently two plys 4 require four journals, and this is every where the same. In threeplies 6 journals are used for the same reason. A journal therefore embraces always one half the warp threads in each ply, and to the practical weaver this fact is self evident, nothing but plain cloth can be produced by this arrangement. In this case I have divided each of the four journals into two parts only, and when these parts or half journals, as I have called them, are worked in the order to be hereinafter specied, the cloth so woven will have upon its surface, what would be called by practical weavers a four leaf twill. Again if I had have divided each journal into three parts, and worked them in the order required I should have produced a siX leaf twill, and so on.

This loom is arranged for weaving two ply figured cashmere for producing on the surface of both plies a four leaf twill.

The process of working the parts of journals is as follows: It will be noticed that underneath the parts of journals 3, 3, 3, 3, &c., are the following figures 1, 2, 3, 4.-, 5, 6, 7, 8. Each part of a journal may be regarded as being numbered by the gure immediately under it. As I have already shown above the connection of these parts of journals 3, 3, 3, &c., with the jacquard and shown in what manner the hooks Y, Y, Y, Y, 8mo., are engaged, and disengaged from the journal hooks O, O, O', O, &c. It will not be necessary for me to repeat it here. And now when for the lirst shot or pick of filling the machine raises the two parts of journals marked l and 2, and for the second 2 and 3, for the third l and 6, fourth 6, and 7, fifth 3, and 4L, sixth l, and 4, seventh 7 and 8, eighth 8, and 5, then, if the filling be thrown at each pick or openingof the shed,

will the cloth so woven have on its surface a four leaf twill as above stated.

I have here described one mode of working the parts of journals-the mode which I have assayed and deem the best; but any other mode will be of the essence of my invention-as this portion of it consists essentially in dividing the journals into two or more parts and working these parts in any required order for the purpose of producing atwill on the surface of goods so woven in looms for weaving figured fabrics.

I-Iaving thus described the construction and mode of operation of my invent-ion what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent isl. Arranging two or more trapboards in one frame in such manner that when all the said trapboards so arranged are lifted for the purpose of opening the shed, all the unt-rapped knot cords may pass said trapboards without obstruction, in combination with an ascending and descending suspen sion board, substantially as above described.

2. In combination with the Jacquard machine, I claim the device represented on the sides of the machine for working the ournals or parts of ournals, consisting of the pin wheel Z, shaft B, hooks Y, Y, Y, Y, and the hooks O, O, O, O, and the dog E', substantially in the manner and for the purposes specified.

3. Dividing the journals commonly used in two or three ply jacquard weaving and working them in any required order substantially in the manner, and for the purpose above specified.

AVERY BABBETT.

Vitnesses:

A. E. BABBETT, L. PADDOCK. 

